Identification of drugs associated with reduced severity of COVID-19: A case-control study in a large population

7/27 Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis study (treated before exposed to the virus)

Israel et al., Epidemiology and Global Health Microbiology and Infectious Disease, doi:10.7554/eLife.68165 (Peer Reviewed)
Identification of drugs associated with reduced severity of COVID-19: A case-control study in a large population

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Case control study examining medication usage with a healthcare database in Israel, showing lower risk of hospitalization with calcium + zinc supplements (defined as being picked up within 35 days prior to PCR+), however only 10 patients took the supplements. Other patients may have acquired supplements outside of the healthcare system.

Israel et al., 7/27/2021, retrospective, Israel, Middle East, peer-reviewed, 10 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with calcium) - results of individual treatments may vary.

risk of hospitalization, >99.9% lower, RR <0.001, p = 0.04, treatment 0 of 10 (0.0%), control 6953 of 20849 (33.3%), odds ratio converted to relative risk, continuity correction due to zero event (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm), PCR+, cohort 2.

This study is excluded in meta analysis: treatment or control group size extremely small.

Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. For an individual study the most serious outcome may have a smaller number of events and lower statistical signficance, however this provides the strongest evidence for the most serious outcomes when combining the results of many trials.

All 31 studies All Outcomes

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